Abstract The physical-chemical composition of fruit peels was characterized in order to obtain a biopreparation from a culture medium with aqueous extracts of fruit peels (banana, pineapple and papaya) for growing Lactobacillus plantarum CAM-6 and the evaluation of its kinetic parameters and stability over time. Then, an experiment with a completely randomized design and five treatments was developed, in which different mixtures of water with different proportions of fruit peels were evaluated as culture medium. Biomass, concentration of total reducing sugars, lactic acid and pH were determined. Later, growth kinetics was developed in the selected medium for 24 h, and specific growth rate and duplication time were determined. Finally, strain viability was evaluated under refrigeration conditions, at 4 ° C, for 48 days. It was demonstrated that peels presented sufficient soluble solids (12.50-11.67 ºBrix), proteins (0.33-1.31%) and ashes (0.53-1.32%) for bacterial growth. The most suitable medium was the aqueous broth of fruit peel extract, containing 40% fruit peel and 60% water, with a growth of 22.97 LN CFU.mL-1, speed of 0.42 h-1 and duplication time of 1.12 h. Viability was stable for the first 24 days (> 22 LN CFU.mL-1) at 4ºC. It is concluded that the biopreparation with L. plantarum CAM-6 in aqueous extract of papaya, pineapple and banana peels (40:60) guarantees cell growth and viability for 24 days.

Resumen Con el propósito de obtener un biopreparado a partir de un medio de cultivo con extractos acuosos de cáscaras de frutas (banano, piña y papaya) para el crecimiento de Lactobacillus plantarum CAM-6 y la evaluación de sus parámetros cinéticos y estabilidad en el tiempo, se caracterizó la composición físico-química de las cáscaras de las frutas. Luego, se desarrolló un experimento con diseño completamente aleatorizado y cinco tratamientos, en los que se evaluaron diferentes mezclas de agua con proporciones de cáscaras de frutas como medio de cultivo. Se determinó biomasa, concentración de azúcares reductores totales, ácido láctico y pH. Después se desarrolló la cinética de crecimiento en el medio seleccionado durante 24 h y se determinó la velocidad específica de crecimiento y el tiempo de duplicación. Finalmente, se evaluó la viabilidad de la cepa en condiciones de refrigeración, a 4°C, por 48 días. Se demostró que las cáscaras presentan suficientes sólidos solubles (12.50-11.67ºBrix), proteínas (0.33-1.31%) y cenizas (0.53-1.32%) para el crecimiento bacteriano. El medio más adecuado resultó el caldo acuoso de extracto de cáscaras de frutas, que contiene 40 % de cáscaras de frutas y 60 % de agua, con crecimiento de 22.97 LN UFC.mL-1, velocidad de 0.42 h-1 y tiempo de duplicación de 1.12 h. La viabilidad se mantuvo estable durante los primeros 24 días (>22 LN UFC.mL-1) a 4 ºC. Se concluye que el biopreparado con L. plantarum CAM-6 en caldo extracto acuoso de cáscaras de papaya, piña y banano (40:60) garantiza el crecimiento y viabilidad celular durante 24 días.

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary inclusion with linseed and pumpkin seed meals on growth performance, carcass traits and breast meat fatty acids profile of helmeted guinea fowls. A total of 120 meat-type helmeted guinea fowl females of 12 weeks of age were fed with 0 (T0), 100 (T1) and 200 (T2) g/kg of linseed (LM) and pumpkin seed meals (PSM) for 56 days, in a completely randomized design with 10 replicates per treatment and four birds per replicate. The inclusion up to 200 g/kg of LM and PSM did not affect the livability, initial live weight and feed intake (p>0.05). However, final live weight and feed:gain ratio improved significantly (p<0.05). The T1 increased (p<0.05) the carcass yield and the T2 improved the breast weight and weight and yield of leg. Also, these experimental diets did not affect the carcass weight, breast yield and sensory quality of meat (p>0.05). The oleaginous seeds (LM and PSM) decreased (p<0.05) the mystic, palmitic and octadecanoic acids and the w-6/w-3 ratio, as well as increased the linoleic, a-linolenic, eicosapentanoic and docosahexanoic acids (p<0.05), but did not modify the concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids (p>0.05) and the eicosatrienoic and arachidonic acids in breast meat (p<0.05). It is recommended the inclusion of 100 g/kg of LM and PSM to improve the live weight, weight and yield of the edible portions and the essential fatty acids in breast meat of guinea fowl, without affecting the sensory quality of the meat.

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the growth performance, organ weights, and selected blood parameters of replacement laying pullets (development phase) fed increasing levels of wheat bran (WB). A total of 240 70-d-old White Leghorn pullets (Hybrid L33) were evaluated for seven weeks. Birds were assigned to three dietary treatments according to a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of diets containing 100 (T1), 150 (T2), or 200 g/kg (T3) of WB in partial replacement of corn, with 10 replicates per treatment of eight birds per replicate. Birds fed T2 presented higher body weight (p<0.05) compared with T1 and T3 (1112.52 to 1163.35 g). Also, T2 birds presented higher methionine plus cystine intake relative to T1 (0.38 to 0.40 g/bird/day). Likewise, a higher inclusion of WB (200 g/kg) increased crude fiber (2.29 to 2.63 g/bird/day) and crude fat (1.98 to 3.58 g/bird/day) intakes (p<0.05). However, the experimental treatments did not affect the relative weight of the organs or small intestine and cecum length (p>0.05). Serum concentration of triacylglycerols, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, hematocrit, or hemoglobin levels were not significantly different (p>0.05) among treatments. These findings indicate a beneficial effect of use of 150 g/kg of wheat bran on the growth performance of pullets during the development phase; however, the inclusion of this cereal up to 200 g/kg had no effect on organ weights and blood parameters.

La calidad del agua cruda del Río Otún que abastece la planta de tratamiento de agua potable de Aguas y Aguas de Pereira puede presentar fluctuaciones en cortos periodos de tiempo. Por esta razón se requiere un instrumento que permita tomar decisiones rápidas para modificar la dosis de coagulante a utilizar en el tratamiento con base en un criterio cuantificable y preciso como el potencial zeta (zeta). En este estudio se determinó que para un intervalo de zeta desde -2.28 mV a +1.2 mV del agua coagulada se obtienen valores bajos de turbiedad y color del agua sedimentada. Es posible alcanzar un óptimo desempeño del proceso de floculación y sedimentación efectuando mediciones de zeta en el agua coagulada como indicador de desestabilización de las partículas. zeta presenta una correlación positiva con la dosis de coagulante aplicada, modificando la dosis de coagulante es posible alcanzar valores de zeta cercanos a cero.

The quality of raw water of Otun River that supplies the water treatment plant has fluctuations in short periods of time. Thus a tool is required to make quick decisions to modify the coagulant dose used in treatment, based in a measurable and precise criterion as zeta potential (zeta). In this study was determined that the range of values of zeta [-2.28 mV - 1.2 mV] of coagulated water, lower values of settled water turbidity and color are obtained. It was observed that is possible to achieve a better performance of flocculation and settling processes measuring zeta of coagulated water as an indicator of particle's destabilization. zeta presents a positive correlation with coagulant dose, therefore modifying coagulant dosage is possible to obtain zeta close to zero.